Why Oven Temperature Conversion Matters
Recipes from different countries use different temperature scales. An American recipe in Fahrenheit needs converting for a European oven, and a UK recipe with Gas Mark needs translating for a digital oven display. Getting this wrong can ruin a dish — so having the right table matters.
Celsius to Fahrenheit Oven Guide
- 120°C = 250°F — Very low (slow cooking, meringues)
- 150°C = 300°F — Low (cheesecakes, custards)
- 160°C = 325°F — Moderate-low (cakes, muffins)
- 180°C = 356°F — Moderate (most baked goods)
- 190°C = 375°F — Moderate-high (cookies, roasted veg)
- 200°C = 400°F — Hot (bread, pizza, roasts)
- 220°C = 430°F — Very hot (searing, crispy finishes)
- 240°C = 460°F — Extremely hot (Neapolitan pizza)
Fan-Assisted (Convection) Oven Adjustment
Fan ovens circulate hot air and cook faster. As a rule of thumb, reduce the temperature by 20°C (or 25°F) when using a fan/convection setting. So if a recipe calls for 180°C conventional, use 160°C fan.
Gas Mark Reference
- Gas Mark 1 = 140°C = 275°F
- Gas Mark 4 = 180°C = 356°F
- Gas Mark 6 = 200°C = 400°F
- Gas Mark 9 = 240°C = 475°F
Internal Meat Temperatures
- Chicken (fully cooked): 74°C / 165°F
- Beef (medium rare): 57°C / 135°F
- Pork (fully cooked): 71°C / 160°F
- Fish (cooked): 63°C / 145°F
Use our free temperature converter to get any oven temperature instantly.
Frequently Asked Questions
What temperature is 180°C in Fahrenheit for baking?
180°C = 356°F, which most recipes round to 350°F. This is the most common baking temperature for cakes, cookies, and general oven work. A fan-assisted (convection) oven runs about 20°C hotter effectively, so set a fan oven to 160°C for the same result.
How do I convert a fan oven temperature to a conventional oven?
Add 15–20°C to the fan oven temperature to get the conventional oven equivalent, or subtract 25°F if working in Fahrenheit. For example, if a recipe says fan oven 160°C, set a conventional oven to 175–180°C. Fan ovens circulate air, cooking food faster and more evenly.
What is Gas Mark 4 in Celsius and Fahrenheit?
Gas Mark 4 = 180°C = 350°F. Here's a quick reference: Gas Mark 1 = 140°C = 275°F, Gas Mark 4 = 180°C = 350°F, Gas Mark 6 = 200°C = 400°F, Gas Mark 9 = 240°C = 475°F. Gas mark numbers are still common in UK and Irish recipes.
Convert oven temperatures — Celsius, Fahrenheit, and all other scales.
⚡ Temperature Converter — FreeAccuracy note: Conversion factors on SwiftConvertHub are sourced from NIST and IEC standards. Results are accurate for general use. For safety-critical or professional applications, verify results independently. Full disclaimer →
Victor A. Calvo S. is a software engineer and digital entrepreneur who builds practical, free tools for developers, students, and professionals worldwide. He is the creator of SwiftConvertHub, InstantLinkHub, and Feexio. All conversion factors are cross-referenced against NIST and IEC standards. Learn more →